ERIKSON'S EIGHT PSYCHOSOCIAL STAGES

Trust Versus Mistrust

Age: infancy - Infants learn to trust that their needs will be met by the world, especially the mother; if not, mistrust develops.

Autonomy versus shame and doubt

Age: early childhood - Children learn to exercise will, to make choices, to control themselves; if not, they become uncertain and doubt that they can do things themselves.

Initiative versus guilt

Age: play age - Children learn to initiate activities and enjoy their accomplishments acquiring direction and purpose; if they're not allow initiative, they feel guilty for their attempts at independence.

Industry versus inferiority

Age: school age - children develop a sense of industry and curiosity and are eager to learn; if not, they feel inferior and lose interest in tasks before them.

Identity versus role confusion

Age: adolescence - adolescents come to see themselves as unique and integrated persons w/ an ideology; if not, they become confused about what they want out of life.

Intimacy versus isolation

Age: young adulthood - young people become able to commit themselves to another person; if not, they develop a sense of isolation and feel they have no one in the world but themselves.

Generativity versus stagnation

Age: adulthood - adults are willing to have and care for children, to devote themselves to their work and the common good; if not, they become self-centered and inactive.

Integrity versus despair

Age: mature - older people enter a period of reflection, becoming assured that their lives have been meaningful, and they grow ready to face death with acceptance and dignity; if not, they despair for their unaccomplished goals, failures, and ill-spent lives.

 

Remember: this information can't take the place of what is presented in lecture and text. It is purely supplemental.J