Name: __________________________ Date: _____________


1.
Which of the following are the goals of psychology?
A.
describe, manipulate, control, and examine behavior
B.
describe, explain, predict, and change behavior
C.
predict, control, examine, and change behavior
D.
manipulate, control, explain, and change behavior


2.
Psychological science often questions to what extent we are controlled by biological and genetic factors or by the environment and learning. This ongoing debate is known as the ______.
A.
nature-nurture controversy
B.
mind versus body dualism
C.
interactionist position
D.
biopsychosocial model


3.
Applied research is conducted to study _____.
A.
how people apply knowledge in an educational setting
B.
theoretical questions that may or may not have real-world applications
C.
the goals of psychology
D.
real-world, practical problems


4.
A precise description of how the variables in a study will be observed and measured is known as _____.
A.
a hypothesis
B.
an operational definition
C.
a theory
D.
the scientific method


5.
Only the experiment allows one to investigate _____.
A.
relationships
B.
correlations
C.
causation
D.
the goals of psychology


6.
An experimenter wishes to see if there is a difference between two types of memory techniques. She teaches one group of participants Technique A and another group Technique B. Then she gives each group a list of words to memorize. Two weeks later she tests the participants to see how many of the words they have remembered. What is the dependent variable in this experiment?
A.
number of words in the list
B.
memory techniques
C.
sex of the experimenter
D.
number of words remembered


7.
What is the independent variable in the experiment described in the previous question?
A.
number of words in the list
B.
memory techniques A or B
C.
sex of the experimenter
D.
number of words remembered


8.
When participants are not exposed to any amount or level of the independent variable, they are members of the _____.
A.
control condition
B.
experimental condition
C.
observation group
D.
out-of-control group


9.
The tendency of experimenters to influence the results of their experiment in an expected direction is called _____.
A.
experimenter bias
B.
control bias
C.
observational bias
D.
experimental bias


10.
A number that indicates the degree and direction of the relationship between two variables is known as _____.
A.
statistics
B.
datum
C.
correlation coefficient
D.
statistical significance


11.
When both the researcher and the participants are unaware of who is in the experimental or control group, the research design can be called _____.
A.
reliable
B.
double-blind
C.
valid
D.
deceptive


12.
Wilhelm Wundt is credited as the founder of _____ psychology.
A.
behaviorist
B.
functionalist
C.
experimental
D.
humanistic


13.
Who developed psychoanalytic theory?
A.
Freud
B.
James
C.
Wundt
D.
Watson


14.
_____ emphasized objective, observable behaviors.
A.
Functionalism
B.
Gestalt psychology
C.
Freud
D.
Behaviorism


15.
Gestalt psychology studied the _____.
A.
psyche
B.
perception of wholes
C.
elements of perception
D.
patterns of stimulus and response


16.
The _____ approach recognizes the value of using several perspectives to explain human behavior and mental processes.
A.
Gestalt
B.
humanistic
C.
eclectic
D.
Freudian


17.
The _____ views biological processes, psychological factors, and social forces as interrelated influences, and it is one of the most widely accepted themes of modern psychology.
A.
eclectic perspective
B.
nature-nurture model
C.
interactionist position
D.
biopsychosocial model


18.
You dread going to the grocery store because you got lost there when you were a child. This illustrates psychology's goal of _____ behavior.
A.
describing
B.
explaining
C.
predicting
D.
changing


19.
The goal of _____ is to tell “what” occurred, whereas the goal of _____ is to tell “why.”
A.
health psychologists; biological psychologists
B.
description; explanation
C.
psychologists; psychiatrists
D.
pseudopsychologists; clinical psychologists


20.
An inactive substance or fake treatment used as a control technique in experiments is known as a _____.
A.
double-blind
B.
single-blind
C.
independent variable
D.
placebo


21.
The explanation a research provides to participants about the research process when it is over is called a(n) _____.
A.
case conference
B.
study's footnote
C.
debriefing
D.
exit interview


22.
Sometimes _____ is used in order to create a realistic situation with genuine reactions from participants.
A.
trickery
B.
deception
C.
a nonmonetary incentive
D.
case observation


23.
Which of the following terms are properly matched?
A.
psychoanalysis and uniqueness
B.
Gestalt and wholeness
C.
functionalism and unconscious conflict
D.
psychobiology and introspection


24.
Observable behaviors are the primary focus in which of the following approaches to psychology?
A.
humanistic
B.
psychodynamic
C.
behaviorism
D.
cognitive


25.
In an experiment, the researcher _____.
A.
isolates one or more variables and examines their effects on a behavior
B.
controls the dependent variable and measures the independent variable
C.
deceives subjects, manipulates variables, and makes correlations
D.
observes one behavior to the exclusion of all other variables


Answer Key

1. B
2. A
3. D
4. B
5. C
6. D
7. B
8. A
9. A
10. C
11. B
12. C
13. A
14. D
15. B
16. C
17. D
18. B
19. B
20. D
21. C
22. B
23. B
24. C
25. A